Forge-hammek



UNITED STATES B ATENT FFICE,

BENJAMIN SHIVERIGK, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

FORGE-HALMMER.

Specification of LettersPatent No. 22,092, dated November 16, 1858.

To all 'whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN Siiivnnioii, of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Forge- IIammers; and I do hereby declare that the same are described and represented in the following specifications and drawings.

T o enable others skilled in the art to make and use my improvements I will proceed to describe their construction and operation referring to the drawings in which the same letters indicate like parts in each of the figures.

Figure l, is a front elevation of my improved forge hammer. Fig. 2, is an elevation of one side of the same.

The nature of my invention and improve ments in forge hammers consists in so constructing the cam that raises the hammer that it will act on the collar opposite or nearly opposite the spindle during the whole time of its action, in raising the' hammer, eX- cept when the extreme end of the cam is passing out from under the collar to let the hammer drop. And in arranging a wedge so that it can be moved by the workman while the hammer is in motion to graduate the action of the springs on the hammer so as to make it strike heavy or light blows as he may desire.

In the accompanying drawings A is a column of cast iron provided with a base B, by which it may be fastened to a proper foundation, to support it. This column A, is provided with two arms C, and I), which arms are furnished with proper boxes for the journals of the shaft E, which is fitted to turn freely in them and carries the cam F, fastened to it. This shaft E has the pulley G, fastened firmly to it, for a belt to operate it, which belt may be made to run loose when the hammer is stopped, and tightened by a .binder to operate the hammer. The upright arm C, is provided with two horizontal arms II and I provided with boxes for the round vert-ical hammer spindle J, to turn and traverse freely in when raised by the cam F, acting against the collar K, fastened to the spindle J. The hammer L, is fastened to the spindle J, and descends by the weight of the spindle and its own weight after being raised and strikes the anvil M, or the iron on it, which anvil is provided with a base N, by which it may be fastened on a proper foundation. In

order to force the hammer d own quick--so as to strike smarter and harder blows, and strike them much faster, than if the hammer fell by its own weight only; I fasten the bar O, to the arm H, which bar is provided with sockets B, I), for the ends of the springs Q, Q, arranged to act on the upper end of the spindle J, so as to force down the spindle and hammer quick, after they are raised by the cam. To enable t-he workman to graduate the blows of the hammer and adapt them to his work, I fasten the inclined plane It, to the bar O, and fit the wedge or block S, to traverse on it under the spring Q, and raise and hold it up so that both of the springs will actwith less force on t-he hammer when the wedge is pushed up the inclined plane than when it is not. To enable the workman to traverse the wedge S, and graduate the blows of the hammer while he is hammering, I connect the wedge S, to the bell crank T by the link U, which bell crank works on a stud in the arm C, and is operated by the rod V, which passes down through the column A, to the lever W, under the base B, which lever vibrates on a pin in the stand X, fastened to the base B. The le'ver IV, is held up by the spring Y, and when the workman wishes to push the wedge out on the inclined plane, and lessen the force of the blows, he pushes down the pin Z, with his foot, which pin passes through the base B, and depresses the lever IV, and forces out the wedge S, and diminishes the action of the springs on the hammer.

The friction of the cam F, against the collar K, in raising the hammer turns the c0llar, spindle and hammer, so that there is far less friction between the cam and collar than there would be if the collar did not turn; therefore less power is required to turn the cam and raise the hammer than there would be if the collar did not turn. The cam F, is so 'constructed or curved as to act upon the collar K, opposite the spindle or nearly opposite the spindle J, during the whole time of its action in raising the collar and hammer, except when it is moving off of the collar to let the hammer drop.

The best way I have discovered to lay out a cam which will act on the collar opposite the spindle as above mentioned, is represented in Fig. 3. 0 a, is a straight edge; Z), is a square placed against it, with a mark c, on the tongue; cl, is a circular card with a pin through its center e, upon which it turns freely; now let f be the beginning of the cam. Place the square over the card with the mark 0, opposite to f, and make a short mark on the card from f, toward g, then raise the square a little and turn the card until the mark just made meets the line c, on the square, then make a second mark on the card from the line o, and so continue to raise the square, turn the card, and mark it from c, toward g, until the camV is the size required, as shown by the series of short lines between f, and 7L, in the drawing.

A hammer constructed with my improvements, will do far more work with a given amount of power, than any hammer made prior to the date of my invention.

I contemplate that hammers with my imf provenients may be applied to pounding stone, or street paving, stamping ores and various other purposes for which hammers are used.

to enable any person skilled in the art to Y make and use them. I will now state what I desire to secure by Letters Patent to wit.

I claiml. The cam F, so constructed as to act on the collar K, opposite the spindle or nearly opposite the spindle during the whole time of its action, in raising the hammer, eX- cept when the eXtreme end of the cam is passing out from under the collar to let the hammer drop as described.

2. I claim a wedge or its equivalent so constructed and arranged as to be moved by the workman or attendant, while the hammer is in motion, to graduate the action of the springs upon the hammer, to make it strike light or heavy blows as desired.

. BENJAMIN SHIVERICK.

Vitnesses J. DENNIS, Jr., J. F. CALLAR. 

